ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FACTOR V LEIDEN (FV G1691A) MUTATION AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE DEVELOPMENT IN GAZA STRIP - PALESTINE

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease(CAD) is multi-factorial and usually results from a combination of acquired environmental and inherited factors with a change in lifestyle. One of these inherited factors is the G1691A factor V. Factor V Leiden (FVL) is the most common heritable thrombophilic disorder. It is concomitant with an increased the risk of thrombosis and may lead to CAD. The aim of this study  is to investigate the relation of this mutation with CAD in Gaza strip population. Methods: it is a retrospective study which includes 180 samples; patients with CAD, n=90 and   control group, n=90. An interview with questionnaire was applied. EDTA samples were collected for DNA extraction. The FVL mutation was identified by PCR-RFLP. Results: The frequency of FVL genotypes were: wild type 83.2%, heterozygous16.7% and complete absence of mutant homozygous in control group, whereas in CAD patients were: 70%,26.7% and 3.3%. The FVL G and A alleles frequencies of the participants were: for case group 0.833 and 0.167 while 0.917 and 0.083 were in control group. Furthermore, the distribution of FVL heterozygote and mutant(AA) genotypes were not significantly different between the study and control groups. The GA and AA genotypes increase the risk of developing CAD in patients by 1.9 and 8.3 times respectively. The presence of FVL A allele increases the risk of exposure to heart attack among CAD patient (OR =1.7). The frequency of A allele among diabetic patients increases the risk of developing CAD 1.5 fold. Conclusion: Factor V Leiden A allele is  associated with the development CAD.