EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERNS AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SKIN CONDITIONS IN NAJAF, IRAQ

Abstract

Introduction: Skin ailments are common across the globe and are affected by environmental, demographic, and psychological elements. This study sought to evaluate the epidemiological attributes and the patterns of skin disease risk factors among patients in Najaf, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at Al-Sadr Medical Hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 involving 700 patients with various diagnosed skin conditions over the period of one year. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and medical files, which included demographics, type of disease, seasonality, and psychosocial factors. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics, ANOVA, correlation analysis, regression analysis as well and logit analysis were used. Results: Most participants were females (69%). The most persistent conditions were fungal infections (24.6%), bacterial infections (19.7%), and eczema (13.7%). Seasonality significantly impacted disease severity, as indicated by the highest mean score (3.1 ± 1.06) on a five-point Likert scale recorded during the summer. Emotional factors also influenced severity, with anger (R = 0.91), loneliness (R = 0.80), and depression (R = 0.68) showing the strongest correlations. Logistic regression analysis revealed no statistically significant associations, as all 95% confidence intervals for the examined predictors crossed the null value (OR = 1). Conclusion: While seasonal and psychological factors showed correlations with disease severity, no individual predictor demonstrated a statistically significant association with the likelihood of skin infection. The findings highlight the need for integrated dermatological and psychosocial care, especially in urban and high-stress populations